Source: TEXAS A&M UNIV submitted to
IMPROVEMENT OF COTTON CULTIVARS ADAPTED TO STRIPPER HARVESTING AND SHORT GROWING SEASON
 
PROJECT DIRECTOR: Gannaway, J. R.
 
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
LUBBOCK-TAMU AGR RES CNTR
TEXAS A&M UNIV
COLLEGE STATION,TX 77843
 
NON TECHNICAL SUMMARY: Competition in a global market and a decreasing genetic base make it imperative that cotton be improved for Texas' producers. About 15 varieties are commercially available that contain germplasm from this program. The significant improvement in fiber quality of cotton produced on the Texas High Plains has placed our cotton in demand by the textile industry. The quality of our cotton ranks second only to California.
 
OBJECTIVES: Develop breeding stocks with: 1) Improved fiber quality, 2) Tolerance to selected diseases and nematodes, 3) Tolerance to selected abiotic stresses, 4) Enhanced earliness, yield and harvestability, 5) Improved cottonseed quality, and 6) Expansion of genetic base.
 
APPROACH: Develop stocks having unique combinations of characters adapted to short-season, stripper-harvest conditions. Earliness, improved fiber quality and resistance to adversities will have major consideration. Evaluate effects of plant characteristics on stripper efficiency and total performance. Conduct genetic studies on certain characteristics being incorporated in breeding stocks.
 
CRIS NUMBER: 0077842 SUBFILE: CRIS
PROJECT NUMBER: TEX06375 SPONSOR AGENCY: NIFA
PROJECT TYPE: HATCH PROJECT STATUS: TERMINATED MULTI-STATE PROJECT NUMBER: (N/A)
START DATE: Aug 27, 2002 TERMINATION DATE: Aug 26, 2008

GRANT PROGRAM: (N/A)
GRANT PROGRAM AREA: (N/A)

CLASSIFICATION
Knowledge Area (KA)Subject (S)Science (F)Objective (G)Percent
202171010802.210%
202171910802.210%
202181010802.210%
203171010802.210%
203171910802.210%
204171010802.210%
206171010802.210%
211171010804.210%
212171010804.210%
216171010804.210%

CLASSIFICATION HEADINGS
KA202 - Plant Genetic Resources
KA203 - Plant Biological Efficiency and Abiotic Stresses Affecting Plants
KA212 - Pathogens and Nematodes Affecting Plants
KA216 - Integrated Pest Management Systems
KA204 - Plant Product Quality and Utility (Preharvest)
KA211 - Insects, Mites, and Other Arthropods Affecting Plants
KA206 - Basic Plant Biology
S1710 - Upland cotton
S1810 - Cottonseed
S1719 - Cotton, other
F1080 - Genetics
G2.2 - Increase Efficiency of Production and Marketing Systems
G4.2 - Reduce Number and Severity of Pest and Disease Outbreaks


RESEARCH EFFORT CATEGORIES
BASIC 15%
APPLIED 60%
DEVELOPMENTAL 25%

KEYWORDS: cotton; breeding stocks; plant genetics; performance testing; plant breeding; earliness; cultivars; plant nematode resistance; plant disease resistance; plant adaptation; harvesting methods; stripping; short season cotton; growing season; cotton fibers; fiber quality; stress tolerance; pre harvest; product quality; integrated pest management; upland cotton; crop yields; cottonseed; performance evaluation; market competition; biodiversity

PROGRESS: Jan 1, 2007 TO Dec 31, 2007
OUTPUTS: Crosses have been made to initiate a study to determine the effect of fiber elongation on spinning performance. Two populations have been developed with a racestock exhibiting resistance to thrips. Plants exhibiting thrips resistance in the F2 generation will be increased and screened for reniform nematode resistance. A screening study of the racestocks for resistance to aphids was initiated. One racestock has been identified that exhibits excellent salt tolerance and populations are being developed for further evaluation. Research findings and germplasm developed from this program are being widely used by plant breeders in the public and private sector. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals: Lyndon Schoenhals, Casey Hardin, Valerie Morgan, Hardy Parsons, Carol Kelly, Raina King, Erik Everett, Leslie Wells, Jimmy Mabry, Monica Sheehan, Mark Arnold and Natalia Castillo Partner Organizations: Plains Cotton Improvement Program, Texas Department of Agriculture-Food and Fibers Division, Cotton Incorporated-Texas State Support Program, and International Textile Center at Texas Tech University Collaborators: Terry Wheeler, Robert Wright, Randy Boman Eric Hequet and Jim Starr Training: Carol Kelly, Raina King, Erik Everett, Natalia Castillo, Kermit Price and Margaret Shields TARGET AUDIENCES: Target Audiences: Plains Cotton Growers, Inc., Plains Cotton Cooperative Association, Cotton Incorporated and All US-based public and private cotton breeders Efforts: Provide numerous training opportunities for graduate students, and provide internship programs for undergraduate students PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: None

IMPACT: 2007-01-01 TO 2007-12-31 Due to intellectual property rights, the exact number of marketed commercial varieties that contain germplasm from this program is unknown. The significant improvement in fiber quality of cotton produced on the Texas High Plains has placed our cotton in demand by the textile industry. The quality of our cotton ranks second only to California.

PUBLICATION INFORMATION: 2007-01-01 TO 2007-12-31
Benzina, H., E. Hequet, N. Abidi, J. Gannaway, J.Y. Drean, and O. Harzallah. 2007. Using Fiber Elongation to Improve Genetic Screening in Cotton Breeding Programs. Textile Research Journal, Vol.1, 2007. pp1-9.

PROJECT CONTACT INFORMATION
NAME: Gannaway, J. R.
PHONE: 806-746-6101
FAX: 806-746-6528